Titanate is used as a friction modifier, for noise reduction, fade resistance, stability of friction co-efficient, and wear resistance. In our previous research, we focused on the chemical reaction on the friction surface and reported that the reaction between titanate and phenolic resin affects the friction characteristics. Also, at the previous EuroBrake, we focused on the effect of titanate on reducing brake particle emissions, and reported that titanate is highly effective in reducing brake particle emissions. Our friction tester is a scale inertial dynamometer with a blower that uses clean air that has passed through a HEPA filter. We use the 1/7 area size vs the full size pad. When tested under the same slide speed conditions, the absorbed energy per unit area is almost the same. A small specimen can reproduce the phenomenon of a full-scale friction surface. By analyzing the friction surface, the mechanism of titanate can also be clarified. In addition, by using a CPC (Condensed Particle Counter) and MCI (Multi-Nozzle Cascade Impactor) sampler together, it is possible to count the number of particles and measure the mass of particles. In our test results using this tester, titanate reduce both particle number and particle mass (both PM2.5 and PM10) on LS formulation as well. Analysis of the friction surface reveals that the reaction between the titanate and the phenolic resin is related to these results. On the other hand, a phenomenon unique to LS using steel fibers, which is not found in NAO formulation, is appearing. This study suggests that titanate can also reduce brake particle emissions on LS formulations.
Mrs. Emiko Daimon, Executive Expert, Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd; Mr. Yasuhito Ito, Chief, Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd; Mr. Takahiro Mishima, Senior Researcher, Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.
Effects of titanate on brake wear particle emission
EB2023-EFA-006 • Oral • EuroBrake 2023 • Towards brake PM emissions reduction
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